Patterns

Every pattern here is a rule over stored candles, written out step by step below. Pick a name and a candle size, then one pattern to test — or let the library look for anything in progress. A hit is an observation of what the candles just did; what followed the earlier hits on the same name is counted and shown beside it, every hit included. For what the candles in progress say about the coming hours and days, open the outlook; to be told when a pattern completes, sign in and tap Alert me on any card.

Test a name

Company or symbol Candle Pattern or wave Judge after candles

Defaults shown are for daily candles; change the candle size and re-test to see that size's defaults. Intraday candles exist only for names on a reader's watchlist, from the day they were added; daily candles go back to 2021.

ROLTA · ROLTA · daily candles

520 candles on file from 19 Aug 2022 as of the close of 17 Dec 2025 last close ₹1.62 judged 10 candles after each hit the outlook for the coming hours and days →

In progress now Gap at the open · down · Wed 17 Dec 2025 In progress now Move of X% within M candles · down · Wed 17 Dec 2025 Building N consecutive falling candles · down · 3 of 5

The candles, with the hits marked

last 160 of 520 · shaded = the formation · triangle = the candle it completed on · dashed = a level the latest hit named

In progress now Gap at the open · Runs, breaks and structure · reading down

385 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Hit on the latest daily candle — Wed 17 Dec 2025

Gap at the open completed on the candle that closed at Wed 17 Dec 2025, a down reading. That is the newest candle on file, so this is in progress now.

What the candles did

Opened at 1.62, -2.99% below the previous close of 1.67.

What this pattern is taken to mean

The session opened at least X% away from the previous close. Read as news or flow arriving overnight.

What followed on this name's own record

After 378 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's own way (up after an up reading, down after a down one) 147 times of 378 (39%). Median move in the hit's direction -2.45%; best +56.79%, worst -50.00%. Within the window the move typically reached +8.12% in the hit's favour and -7.69% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · pct = 1

At the first candle of each session, compare its open with the last close of the previous session.
Gap % = open / previous close − 1.
The pattern completes when |gap %| ≥ pct; direction is the gap's sign.
On daily candles this is simply open vs the previous day's close.

The last 12 hits on this name

Wed 17 Dec 2025 down Opened at 1.62, -2.99% below the previous close of 1.67.
Tue 16 Dec 2025 down Opened at 1.70, -1.16% below the previous close of 1.72.
Thu 11 Dec 2025 down Opened at 1.66, -2.35% below the previous close of 1.70.
Tue 09 Dec 2025 up Opened at 1.74, +2.35% above the previous close of 1.70.
Mon 08 Dec 2025 up Opened at 1.83, +2.23% above the previous close of 1.79.
Fri 05 Dec 2025 up Opened at 1.78, +2.89% above the previous close of 1.73.
Thu 04 Dec 2025 up Opened at 1.79, +1.70% above the previous close of 1.76.
Wed 03 Dec 2025 down Opened at 1.76, -1.12% below the previous close of 1.78.
Tue 02 Dec 2025 up Opened at 1.78, +1.71% above the previous close of 1.75.
Fri 28 Nov 2025 up Opened at 1.79, +1.13% above the previous close of 1.77.
Thu 27 Nov 2025 down Opened at 1.73, -1.70% below the previous close of 1.76.
Wed 26 Nov 2025 up Opened at 1.82, +1.68% above the previous close of 1.79.

In progress now Move of X% within M candles · Runs, breaks and structure · reading down

89 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Hit on the latest daily candle — Wed 17 Dec 2025

Move of X% within M candles completed on the candle that closed at Wed 17 Dec 2025, a down reading. That is the newest candle on file, so this is in progress now.

What the candles did

-8.47% in the last 3 candles, 1.77 to 1.62.

What this pattern is taken to mean

A fast move: the close is at least X% away from where it was M candles ago. Read as a burst of one-sided flow.

What followed on this name's own record

After 85 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's own way (up after an up reading, down after a down one) 45 times of 85 (53%). Median move in the hit's direction +1.18%; best +50.00%, worst -27.01%. Within the window the move typically reached +9.76% in the hit's favour and -3.66% against it. On this name that is a coin toss.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · pct = 2, candles = 3

For each candle, take the close M candles earlier.
Move % = close now / close then − 1.
The pattern completes when |move %| ≥ pct; direction is the sign.
Consecutive candles that all qualify in the same direction count once, at the first of them.

The last 12 hits on this name

Wed 17 Dec 2025 down -8.47% in the last 3 candles, 1.77 to 1.62.
Fri 12 Dec 2025 up +4.12% in the last 3 candles, 1.70 to 1.77.
Wed 10 Dec 2025 down -5.03% in the last 3 candles, 1.79 to 1.70.
Mon 08 Dec 2025 down -3.41% in the last 3 candles, 1.76 to 1.70.
Mon 17 Nov 2025 down -5.05% in the last 3 candles, 1.98 to 1.88.
Thu 30 Oct 2025 up +2.87% in the last 3 candles, 1.74 to 1.79.
Fri 24 Oct 2025 down -2.79% in the last 3 candles, 1.79 to 1.74.
Wed 15 Oct 2025 down -2.62% in the last 3 candles, 1.91 to 1.86.
Mon 13 Oct 2025 down -2.07% in the last 3 candles, 1.93 to 1.89.
Mon 29 Sep 2025 down -4.50% in the last 3 candles, 2.00 to 1.91.
Thu 18 Sep 2025 up +2.02% in the last 3 candles, 1.98 to 2.02.
Mon 15 Sep 2025 down -2.46% in the last 3 candles, 2.03 to 1.98.

Building N consecutive falling candles · Runs, breaks and structure · reading down

20 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Wed 19 Nov 2025

The most recent hit of N consecutive falling candles on the daily candles completed at Wed 19 Nov 2025, 20 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -10.00% to 1.62.

What the candles did

5 consecutive falling closes, from 1.98 to 1.80 (-9.09%).

Where it stands on the latest candle

3 falling closes in a row so far (-8.47%); the rule wants 5.

What this pattern is taken to mean

The mirror: every close below the one before it for N candles. Read as sellers in control while it lasts.

What followed on this name's own record

After 20 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 8 times of 20 (40%). Median move in the hit's direction -0.00%; best +26.09%, worst -31.58%. Within the window the move typically reached +8.39% in the hit's favour and -8.45% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · n = 5

Walk the candles in order.
Count a streak: +1 when this close is below the previous close, back to 0 otherwise.
The pattern completes on the candle where the streak first reaches N.
Report the move from the close before the run to the close that completed it.
Progress: the current streak against N.

The last 12 hits on this name

Wed 19 Nov 2025 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 1.98 to 1.80 (-9.09%).
Thu 07 Aug 2025 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 2.32 to 2.11 (-9.05%).
Mon 23 Jun 2025 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 2.76 to 2.11 (-23.55%).
Fri 25 Apr 2025 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 2.89 to 2.46 (-14.88%).
Tue 18 Mar 2025 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 2.87 to 2.20 (-23.34%).
Mon 10 Feb 2025 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 4.29 to 3.29 (-23.31%).
Fri 20 Dec 2024 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 3.89 to 3.53 (-9.25%).
Mon 18 Nov 2024 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 4.42 to 3.41 (-22.85%).
Mon 30 Sep 2024 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 4.38 to 3.38 (-22.83%).
Tue 13 Aug 2024 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 4.05 to 3.49 (-13.83%).
Mon 29 Jul 2024 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 5.58 to 4.30 (-22.94%).
Mon 03 Jun 2024 down 5 consecutive falling closes, from 6.90 to 5.40 (-21.74%).

Quiet Marubozu · Single-candle shapes · reading down

86 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Mon 08 Dec 2025

The most recent hit of Marubozu on the daily candles completed at Mon 08 Dec 2025, 7 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -4.71% to 1.62.

What the candles did

Body 0.13 is 100% of the range: opened near the high and closed near the low (1.83→1.70).

What this pattern is taken to mean

Almost no wicks: the candle opened at one end of its range and closed at the other. Read as one side in control for the whole candle.

What followed on this name's own record

After 84 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's own way (up after an up reading, down after a down one) 46 times of 84 (55%). Median move in the hit's direction +2.15%; best +50.00%, worst -40.50%. Within the window the move typically reached +11.18% in the hit's favour and -4.24% against it. On this name that is a coin toss.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · body_pct = 90

Body = |close − open|; range = high − low.
The pattern completes when range > 0 and body ≥ body_pct of the range.
Direction is the candle's colour.

The last 12 hits on this name

Mon 08 Dec 2025 down Body 0.13 is 100% of the range: opened near the high and closed near the low (1.83→1.70).
Thu 04 Dec 2025 down Body 0.06 is 100% of the range: opened near the high and closed near the low (1.79→1.73).
Fri 26 Sep 2025 down Body 0.05 is 100% of the range: opened near the high and closed near the low (2.03→1.98).
Tue 19 Aug 2025 up Body 0.10 is 91% of the range: opened near the low and closed near the high (2.01→2.11).
Mon 18 Aug 2025 down Body 0.13 is 100% of the range: opened near the high and closed near the low (2.19→2.06).
Wed 06 Aug 2025 down Body 0.06 is 100% of the range: opened near the high and closed near the low (2.18→2.12).
Tue 05 Aug 2025 down Body 0.13 is 93% of the range: opened near the high and closed near the low (2.28→2.15).
Wed 30 Jul 2025 down Body 0.05 is 100% of the range: opened near the high and closed near the low (2.36→2.31).
Tue 15 Jul 2025 up Body 0.13 is 100% of the range: opened near the low and closed near the high (2.30→2.43).
Mon 07 Jul 2025 down Body 0.11 is 100% of the range: opened near the high and closed near the low (2.48→2.37).
Mon 30 Jun 2025 up Body 0.17 is 100% of the range: opened near the low and closed near the high (2.04→2.21).
Fri 16 May 2025 up Body 0.04 is 100% of the range: opened near the low and closed near the high (2.55→2.59).

Quiet Doji · Single-candle shapes · reading neutral

81 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Wed 10 Dec 2025

The most recent hit of Doji on the daily candles completed at Wed 10 Dec 2025, 5 sessions ago, a neutral reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -4.71% to 1.62.

What the candles did

Body 0.00 is 0% of the 0.04 range: open 1.70, close 1.70, high 1.73, low 1.69.

What this pattern is taken to mean

Open and close almost equal: the candle ranged but ended where it began. Read as indecision.

What followed on this name's own record

After 79 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later was higher 31 times of 79 (39%). Median move -3.16%; best +31.58%, worst -38.84%. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · body_pct = 10

Body = |close − open|; range = high − low.
The pattern completes when range > 0 and body ≤ body_pct of the range.

The last 12 hits on this name

Wed 10 Dec 2025 neutral Body 0.00 is 0% of the 0.04 range: open 1.70, close 1.70, high 1.73, low 1.69.
Fri 05 Dec 2025 neutral Body 0.01 is 10% of the 0.10 range: open 1.78, close 1.79, high 1.81, low 1.71.
Wed 03 Dec 2025 neutral Body 0.00 is 0% of the 0.07 range: open 1.76, close 1.76, high 1.83, low 1.76.
Tue 02 Dec 2025 neutral Body 0.00 is 0% of the 0.07 range: open 1.78, close 1.78, high 1.81, low 1.74.
Wed 12 Nov 2025 neutral Body 0.00 is 0% of the 0.10 range: open 1.98, close 1.98, high 2.03, low 1.93.
Thu 30 Oct 2025 neutral Body 0.00 is 0% of the 0.03 range: open 1.79, close 1.79, high 1.79, low 1.76.
Mon 27 Oct 2025 neutral Body 0.00 is 0% of the 0.06 range: open 1.74, close 1.74, high 1.78, low 1.72.
Thu 18 Sep 2025 neutral Body 0.00 is 0% of the 0.08 range: open 2.02, close 2.02, high 2.05, low 1.97.
Tue 16 Sep 2025 neutral Body 0.00 is 0% of the 0.10 range: open 2.00, close 2.00, high 2.05, low 1.95.
Thu 11 Sep 2025 neutral Body 0.01 is 8% of the 0.12 range: open 2.03, close 2.04, high 2.09, low 1.97.
Tue 02 Sep 2025 neutral Body 0.01 is 5% of the 0.19 range: open 1.97, close 1.96, high 2.04, low 1.85.
Wed 16 Jul 2025 neutral Body 0.01 is 10% of the 0.10 range: open 2.53, close 2.52, high 2.55, low 2.45.

Quiet Lower highs and lower lows · Runs, breaks and structure · reading down

41 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Fri 28 Nov 2025

The most recent hit of Lower highs and lower lows on the daily candles completed at Fri 28 Nov 2025, 13 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -7.95% to 1.62.

What the candles did

2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.73, 1.70; highs 2.03, 1.83, 1.80.

What this pattern is taken to mean

Downtrend structure: each swing high below the last and each swing low below the last.

What followed on this name's own record

After 41 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 26 times of 41 (63%). Median move in the hit's direction +3.70%; best +16.98%, worst -15.35%. Within the window the move typically reached +7.78% in the hit's favour and -4.19% against it.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · swings = 2, swing_pct = 3

Find swing highs and lows with the zigzag (pivot confirmed after a swing_pct move against it).
Take every window of 2×swings+1 consecutive confirmed pivots.
Require each swing high below the previous swing high, and each swing low below the previous swing low.
The pattern completes on the candle where the last pivot was confirmed.
The last swing high is reported as the level the structure hangs from.

The last 12 hits on this name

Fri 28 Nov 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.73, 1.70; highs 2.03, 1.83, 1.80.
Thu 27 Nov 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.92, 1.73, 1.70; highs 2.03, 1.83.
Thu 30 Oct 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.74, 1.72, 1.70; highs 1.87, 1.80.
Tue 21 Oct 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.85, 1.78, 1.74; highs 1.94, 1.86.
Mon 20 Oct 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.85, 1.78; highs 1.96, 1.94, 1.86.
Fri 17 Oct 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.89, 1.85, 1.78; highs 1.96, 1.94.
Tue 14 Oct 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.89, 1.85; highs 2.00, 1.96, 1.94.
Mon 13 Oct 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.90, 1.89, 1.85; highs 2.00, 1.96.
Fri 03 Oct 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.97, 1.85; highs 2.06, 2.04, 1.97.
Fri 05 Sep 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 2.02, 1.85; highs 2.24, 2.12, 2.07.
Wed 20 Aug 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 2.26, 2.05, 2.01; highs 2.36, 2.23.
Thu 14 Aug 2025 down 2 lower highs and lower lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 2.26, 2.05; highs 2.43, 2.36, 2.23.

Quiet Moving-average cross · Indicator-based · reading down

27 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Mon 24 Nov 2025

The most recent hit of Moving-average cross on the daily candles completed at Mon 24 Nov 2025, 17 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -7.95% to 1.62.

What the candles did

The 9-candle average (1.86) crossed below the 21-candle average (1.86).

What this pattern is taken to mean

The faster simple average crossed the slower one. Read as the near-term average price overtaking (or falling behind) the longer one.

What followed on this name's own record

After 27 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's own way (up after an up reading, down after a down one) 8 times of 27 (30%). Median move in the hit's direction -4.50%; best +21.71%, worst -26.42%. Within the window the move typically reached +3.95% in the hit's favour and -13.93% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · fast = 9, slow = 21

Compute SMA(fast) and SMA(slow) of the closes.
The pattern completes on a candle where fast was ≤ slow on the previous candle and is > slow now (up), or ≥ before and < now (down).
fast must be smaller than slow, else nothing is reported.

The last 12 hits on this name

Mon 24 Nov 2025 down The 9-candle average (1.86) crossed below the 21-candle average (1.86).
Fri 07 Nov 2025 up The 9-candle average (1.85) crossed above the 21-candle average (1.85).
Mon 29 Sep 2025 down The 9-candle average (2.00) crossed below the 21-candle average (2.00).
Thu 25 Sep 2025 up The 9-candle average (2.01) crossed above the 21-candle average (2.01).
Fri 01 Aug 2025 down The 9-candle average (2.38) crossed below the 21-candle average (2.41).
Mon 21 Jul 2025 up The 9-candle average (2.44) crossed above the 21-candle average (2.40).
Fri 04 Jul 2025 down The 9-candle average (2.35) crossed below the 21-candle average (2.36).
Mon 26 May 2025 up The 9-candle average (2.44) crossed above the 21-candle average (2.39).
Mon 05 May 2025 down The 9-candle average (2.43) crossed below the 21-candle average (2.46).
Tue 15 Apr 2025 up The 9-candle average (2.37) crossed above the 21-candle average (2.30).
Mon 03 Mar 2025 down The 9-candle average (3.50) crossed below the 21-candle average (3.56).
Mon 20 Jan 2025 up The 9-candle average (3.79) crossed above the 21-candle average (3.77).

Quiet Inside bar, then a breakout · Runs, breaks and structure · reading down

18 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Mon 18 Aug 2025

The most recent hit of Inside bar, then a breakout on the daily candles completed at Mon 18 Aug 2025, 83 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -21.36% to 1.62.

What the candles did

An inside candle (2.13–2.20) within the one before it (2.11–2.23), then a close at 2.06 below that range.

What this pattern is taken to mean

A candle whose whole range sat inside the one before it (a pause), then a close outside the mother candle's range. Read as a pause resolving.

What followed on this name's own record

After 18 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's own way (up after an up reading, down after a down one) 7 times of 18 (39%). Median move in the hit's direction -2.39%; best +13.33%, worst -31.43%. Within the window the move typically reached +9.78% in the hit's favour and -5.17% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked

Take three consecutive candles: mother, inside, break.
Inside: its high ≤ mother high and its low ≥ mother low.
The pattern completes when the third candle closes above the mother high (up) or below the mother low (down).

The last 12 hits on this name

Mon 18 Aug 2025 down An inside candle (2.13–2.20) within the one before it (2.11–2.23), then a close at 2.06 below that range.
Mon 21 Jul 2025 up An inside candle (2.45–2.57) within the one before it (2.42–2.61), then a close at 2.68 above that range.
Fri 02 May 2025 down An inside candle (2.25–2.37) within the one before it (2.25–2.47), then a close at 2.22 below that range.
Wed 09 Apr 2025 up An inside candle (2.30–2.37) within the one before it (2.28–2.42), then a close at 2.44 above that range.
Fri 07 Mar 2025 up An inside candle (2.52–2.71) within the one before it (2.52–2.74), then a close at 2.84 above that range.
Wed 18 Dec 2024 down An inside candle (3.81–3.96) within the one before it (3.80–3.97), then a close at 3.73 below that range.
Wed 09 Oct 2024 up An inside candle (3.19–3.41) within the one before it (3.13–3.45), then a close at 3.48 above that range.
Mon 01 Jan 2024 down An inside candle (2.70–2.90) within the one before it (2.70–2.90), then a close at 2.65 below that range.
Mon 04 Dec 2023 up An inside candle (2.20–2.20) within the one before it (2.10–2.20), then a close at 2.30 above that range.
Mon 24 Jul 2023 down An inside candle (1.80–1.80) within the one before it (1.80–1.95), then a close at 1.75 below that range.
Mon 27 Mar 2023 down An inside candle (1.90–2.05) within the one before it (1.90–2.10), then a close at 1.80 below that range.
Thu 12 Jan 2023 down An inside candle (3.80–3.85) within the one before it (3.80–3.90), then a close at 3.75 below that range.

Quiet Volume spike · Indicator-based · reading down

17 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Thu 23 Oct 2025

The most recent hit of Volume spike on the daily candles completed at Thu 23 Oct 2025, 38 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -9.50% to 1.62.

What the candles did

Volume 3.3× the average of the previous 20 candles (235,676 vs 71,739), on a down candle.

What this pattern is taken to mean

One candle traded many times the recent average volume. Read as attention arriving; the candle's colour says which way it leaned.

What followed on this name's own record

After 17 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's own way (up after an up reading, down after a down one) 7 times of 17 (41%). Median move in the hit's direction +0.00%; best +38.84%, worst -34.96%. Within the window the move typically reached +9.91% in the hit's favour and -4.35% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · times = 3, candles = 20

Average the volume of the previous M candles (those that reported one).
The pattern completes when this candle's volume ≥ times × that average.
Direction is the candle's own: up if it closed above its open, down if below, neutral if flat.

The last 12 hits on this name

Thu 23 Oct 2025 down Volume 3.3× the average of the previous 20 candles (235,676 vs 71,739), on a down candle.
Tue 02 Sep 2025 down Volume 3.1× the average of the previous 20 candles (249,321 vs 81,739), on a down candle.
Wed 02 Jul 2025 neutral Volume 3.9× the average of the previous 20 candles (481,717 vs 124,151), on a flat candle.
Tue 01 Jul 2025 neutral Volume 9.4× the average of the previous 20 candles (829,742 vs 88,252), on a flat candle.
Wed 26 Mar 2025 down Volume 3.2× the average of the previous 20 candles (534,178 vs 166,879), on a down candle.
Thu 02 Jan 2025 neutral Volume 3.2× the average of the previous 20 candles (418,053 vs 129,786), on a flat candle.
Fri 16 Aug 2024 up Volume 4.9× the average of the previous 20 candles (1,174,469 vs 241,848), on an up candle.
Wed 12 Jun 2024 down Volume 3.4× the average of the previous 20 candles (1,096,878 vs 318,085), on a down candle.
Mon 06 May 2024 down Volume 3.2× the average of the previous 20 candles (907,283 vs 286,204), on a down candle.
Mon 29 Apr 2024 down Volume 5.4× the average of the previous 20 candles (1,223,776 vs 227,293), on a down candle.
Mon 15 Apr 2024 neutral Volume 15.2× the average of the previous 20 candles (1,934,881 vs 127,591), on a flat candle.
Mon 18 Dec 2023 up Volume 9.3× the average of the previous 20 candles (774,756 vs 83,507), on an up candle.

Quiet RSI into overbought / oversold · Indicator-based · reading up

16 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Thu 23 Oct 2025

The most recent hit of RSI into overbought / oversold on the daily candles completed at Thu 23 Oct 2025, 38 sessions ago, an up reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -9.50% to 1.62.

What the candles did

RSI(14) fell to 30, into the oversold zone below 30.

What this pattern is taken to mean

Wilder's RSI crossed into the overbought zone (reported as a 'down' observation: stretched) or the oversold zone ('up': washed out).

What followed on this name's own record

After 16 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's own way (up after an up reading, down after a down one) 8 times of 16 (50%). Median move in the hit's direction +0.58%; best +40.50%, worst -53.97%. Within the window the move typically reached +7.32% in the hit's favour and -6.27% against it. On this name that is a coin toss.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · n = 14, high = 70, low = 30

Compute RSI(n) from the closes (Wilder smoothing).
The pattern completes when RSI moves from below `high` to at or above it (overbought → down), or from above `low` to at or below it (oversold → up).
Only the crossing candle is a hit, not every candle spent inside the zone.

The last 12 hits on this name

Thu 23 Oct 2025 up RSI(14) fell to 30, into the oversold zone below 30.
Mon 20 Oct 2025 up RSI(14) fell to 28, into the oversold zone below 30.
Fri 28 Mar 2025 up RSI(14) fell to 29, into the oversold zone below 30.
Mon 17 Mar 2025 up RSI(14) fell to 28, into the oversold zone below 30.
Tue 04 Mar 2025 up RSI(14) fell to 29, into the oversold zone below 30.
Wed 14 Aug 2024 up RSI(14) fell to 29, into the oversold zone below 30.
Wed 07 Feb 2024 down RSI(14) rose to 72, into the overbought zone above 70.
Fri 13 Oct 2023 down RSI(14) rose to 70, into the overbought zone above 70.
Fri 11 Aug 2023 down RSI(14) rose to 73, into the overbought zone above 70.
Mon 24 Apr 2023 up RSI(14) fell to 30, into the oversold zone below 30.
Tue 14 Mar 2023 up RSI(14) fell to 28, into the oversold zone below 30.
Wed 22 Feb 2023 up RSI(14) fell to 28, into the oversold zone below 30.

Quiet N consecutive rising candles · Runs, breaks and structure · reading up

13 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Fri 16 May 2025

The most recent hit of N consecutive rising candles on the daily candles completed at Fri 16 May 2025, 125 sessions ago, an up reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -37.45% to 1.62.

What the candles did

5 consecutive rising closes, from 2.08 to 2.59 (+24.52%).

Where it stands on the latest candle

The last close was not rising; no run under way.

What this pattern is taken to mean

A momentum run: every close above the one before it for N candles. The owner's first example. Conventionally read as buyers in control for as long as it lasts.

What followed on this name's own record

After 13 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 3 times of 13 (23%). Median move in the hit's direction -11.16%; best +55.00%, worst -34.96%. Within the window the move typically reached +9.65% in the hit's favour and -21.24% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · n = 5

Walk the candles in order.
Count a streak: +1 when this close is above the previous close, back to 0 otherwise.
The pattern completes on the candle where the streak first reaches N.
Report the move from the close before the run to the close that completed it.
Progress: how long the current streak is against N, and whether the last close is still rising.

The last 12 hits on this name

Fri 16 May 2025 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 2.08 to 2.59 (+24.52%).
Wed 16 Apr 2025 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 2.31 to 2.81 (+21.65%).
Thu 02 Jan 2025 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 3.23 to 4.09 (+26.63%).
Fri 06 Dec 2024 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 3.24 to 4.01 (+23.77%).
Tue 15 Oct 2024 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 3.32 to 4.21 (+26.81%).
Thu 22 Aug 2024 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 3.31 to 4.18 (+26.28%).
Mon 24 Jun 2024 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 4.18 to 5.07 (+21.29%).
Tue 06 Feb 2024 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 2.50 to 3.00 (+20.00%).
Thu 07 Dec 2023 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 2.10 to 2.60 (+23.81%).
Mon 09 Oct 2023 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 1.80 to 2.10 (+16.67%).
Mon 07 Aug 2023 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 1.70 to 1.95 (+14.71%).
Wed 07 Jun 2023 up 5 consecutive rising closes, from 1.50 to 1.75 (+16.67%).

Quiet Trend line: slope, length, strength · Trend and waves · reading down

13 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Mon 01 Dec 2025

The most recent hit of Trend line: slope, length, strength on the daily candles completed at Mon 01 Dec 2025, 9 sessions ago, a down reading. It held for 4 sessions, through Thu 04 Dec 2025. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -6.36% to 1.62.

What the candles did

Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 0.78% per candle with R² 0.83; 13 candles since the high of the window, -11.62% from it, and the last close is still with the line.

Where it stands on the latest candle

Slope -0.33% per candle (down), R² 0.52 (choppy), 19 candles from the window's high, -10.00% from it; the last close is with the line.

What this pattern is taken to mean

The straight-line fit through the last N closes: how steep, how long, how clean. This is the slope/length/strength reading (R6) and a version of the 20-candle rule that fires on a clean run even when one close in the middle dipped.

What followed on this name's own record

After 13 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's own way (up after an up reading, down after a down one) 9 times of 13 (69%). Median move in the hit's direction +3.49%; best +55.06%, worst -6.84%. Within the window the move typically reached +6.29% in the hit's favour and -5.16% against it.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · n = 20, min_slope_pct = 0.25, min_r2 = 0.8

Fit a least-squares line through the last N closes (x = candle index).
Slope % = slope / mean close × 100, per candle. R² = share of the variance the line explains (1 = a ruler, 0 = chop).
Length = candles since the window's low (for a rising line) or high (falling). Magnitude = % from that extreme to the last close.
Continuing = the last close is on the slope's side of the fitted line, or the last three closes all moved with the slope.
The pattern completes when |slope %| ≥ min_slope_pct and R² ≥ min_r2; consecutive qualifying candles count once, at the first.
Progress always reports the current slope, R², length, magnitude and whether it is continuing.

The last 12 hits on this name

Mon 01 Dec 2025 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 0.78% per candle with R² 0.83; 13 candles since the high of the window, -11.62% from it, and the last close is still with the line.
Wed 15 Oct 2025 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 0.43% per candle with R² 0.82; 17 candles since the high of the window, -8.37% from it, and the last close is still with the line.
Wed 20 Aug 2025 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 0.82% per candle with R² 0.80; 19 candles since the high of the window, -15.60% from it, but the last close has slipped from the line.
Tue 12 Aug 2025 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 1.19% per candle with R² 0.83; 16 candles since the high of the window, -20.52% from it, but the last close has slipped from the line.
Tue 13 May 2025 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 1.65% per candle with R² 0.80; 16 candles since the high of the window, -22.15% from it, but the last close has slipped from the line.
Thu 13 Mar 2025 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 2.85% per candle with R² 0.84; 16 candles since the high of the window, -42.89% from it, and the last close is still with the line.
Fri 16 Aug 2024 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 2.47% per candle with R² 0.88; 16 candles since the high of the window, -37.99% from it, but the last close has slipped from the line.
Tue 18 Jun 2024 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 2.72% per candle with R² 0.82; 15 candles since the high of the window, -38.55% from it, but the last close has slipped from the line.
Tue 26 Mar 2024 up Over the last 20 candles the fitted line rises 2.99% per candle with R² 0.85; 14 candles since the low of the window, +78.00% from it, and the last close is still with the line.
Mon 27 Mar 2023 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 1.84% per candle with R² 0.81; 19 candles since the high of the window, -32.08% from it, and the last close is still with the line.
Fri 03 Feb 2023 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 1.34% per candle with R² 0.80; 19 candles since the high of the window, -23.08% from it, and the last close is still with the line.
Tue 01 Nov 2022 down Over the last 20 candles the fitted line falls 0.52% per candle with R² 0.81; 16 candles since the high of the window, -12.22% from it, and the last close is still with the line.

Quiet Higher highs and higher lows · Runs, breaks and structure · reading up

12 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Wed 10 Sep 2025

The most recent hit of Higher highs and higher lows on the daily candles completed at Wed 10 Sep 2025, 67 sessions ago, an up reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -20.20% to 1.62.

What the candles did

2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.85, 1.90, 1.95; highs 2.07, 2.10.

What this pattern is taken to mean

Uptrend structure: each swing high above the last and each swing low above the last. Read as a trend that is still being confirmed by its pullbacks.

What followed on this name's own record

After 12 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 5 times of 12 (42%). Median move in the hit's direction -4.35%; best +38.46%, worst -16.04%. Within the window the move typically reached +3.96% in the hit's favour and -10.98% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · swings = 2, swing_pct = 3

Find swing highs and lows with the zigzag: a pivot is confirmed once price has moved swing_pct against it.
Take every window of 2×swings+1 consecutive confirmed pivots.
Require each swing high in the window above the previous swing high, and each swing low above the previous swing low.
The pattern completes on the candle where the last pivot in the window was confirmed.
The last swing low is reported as the level the structure stands on.

The last 12 hits on this name

Wed 10 Sep 2025 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.85, 1.90, 1.95; highs 2.07, 2.10.
Wed 23 Jul 2025 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 2.29, 2.45; highs 2.55, 2.61, 2.80.
Mon 21 Jul 2025 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 2.04, 2.29, 2.45; highs 2.55, 2.61.
Mon 15 Jan 2024 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.80, 2.10, 2.55; highs 2.80, 2.90.
Tue 26 Dec 2023 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.80, 2.10; highs 2.40, 2.80, 2.90.
Fri 01 Dec 2023 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.65, 1.80, 2.10; highs 2.40, 2.80.
Mon 30 Oct 2023 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.65, 1.80; highs 2.00, 2.40, 2.80.
Wed 04 Oct 2023 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.45, 1.65, 1.80; highs 2.00, 2.40.
Mon 21 Aug 2023 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 1.45, 1.65; highs 1.95, 2.00, 2.40.
Mon 12 Dec 2022 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 3.80, 4.05; highs 3.95, 4.20, 4.35.
Mon 12 Sep 2022 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 4.55, 4.60, 4.90; highs 4.95, 5.20.
Fri 09 Sep 2022 up 2 higher highs and higher lows on swings of at least 3%: lows 4.55, 4.60; highs 4.90, 4.95, 5.20.

Quiet Hammer · Single-candle shapes · reading up

12 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Tue 18 Nov 2025

The most recent hit of Hammer on the daily candles completed at Tue 18 Nov 2025, 21 sessions ago, an up reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -12.43% to 1.62.

What the candles did

Lower wick 0.05 is 2.5× the body, the upper wick is 0% of the range, after -3.59% over the 5 candles before; low 1.80, close 1.85.

What this pattern is taken to mean

A long lower wick and a small body near the top, after a decline: the candle went well below and was pulled back up. Read as a low being rejected.

What followed on this name's own record

After 12 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 2 times of 12 (17%). Median move in the hit's direction -3.00%; best +27.27%, worst -22.51%. Within the window the move typically reached +8.83% in the hit's favour and -9.39% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · wick_times = 2, other_wick_pct = 15, context = 5

Lower wick ≥ wick_times × body.
Upper wick ≤ other_wick_pct of the range.
Context: the net move over the `context` candles before is negative (set 0 to skip).
The wick's low is reported as the level rejected.

The last 12 hits on this name

Tue 18 Nov 2025 up Lower wick 0.05 is 2.5× the body, the upper wick is 0% of the range, after -3.59% over the 5 candles before; low 1.80, close 1.85.
Fri 10 Oct 2025 up Lower wick 0.06 is 3.0× the body, the upper wick is 0% of the range, after -1.55% over the 5 candles before; low 1.85, close 1.91.
Mon 01 Sep 2025 up Lower wick 0.06 is 3.0× the body, the upper wick is 0% of the range, after -10.96% over the 5 candles before; low 1.89, close 1.95.
Tue 26 Aug 2025 up Lower wick 0.05 is 2.5× the body, the upper wick is 0% of the range, after -0.95% over the 5 candles before; low 2.02, close 2.07.
Wed 20 Aug 2025 up Lower wick 0.04 is 2.0× the body, the upper wick is 14% of the range, after -0.94% over the 5 candles before; low 2.07, close 2.11.
Fri 11 Jul 2025 up Lower wick 0.06 is 3.0× the body, the upper wick is 11% of the range, after -5.65% over the 5 candles before; low 2.30, close 2.36.
Wed 02 Apr 2025 up Lower wick 0.07 is 3.5× the body, the upper wick is 0% of the range, after -9.09% over the 5 candles before; low 2.11, close 2.20.
Thu 06 Mar 2025 up Lower wick 0.13 is 2.2× the body, the upper wick is 0% of the range, after -16.99% over the 5 candles before; low 2.52, close 2.71.
Wed 09 Oct 2024 up Lower wick 0.12 is 3.0× the body, the upper wick is 0% of the range, after -6.21% over the 5 candles before; low 3.32, close 3.48.
Tue 20 Aug 2024 up Lower wick 0.13 is 2.6× the body, the upper wick is 0% of the range, after -1.63% over the 5 candles before; low 3.62, close 3.80.
Mon 19 Aug 2024 up Lower wick 0.08 is 2.7× the body, the upper wick is 8% of the range, after -10.59% over the 5 candles before; low 3.51, close 3.62.
Fri 02 Aug 2024 up Lower wick 0.10 is 2.0× the body, the upper wick is 12% of the range, after -16.70% over the 5 candles before; low 4.02, close 4.12.

Quiet Three black crows · Multi-candle shapes · reading down

11 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Wed 23 Apr 2025

The most recent hit of Three black crows on the daily candles completed at Wed 23 Apr 2025, 141 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -38.87% to 1.62.

What the candles did

Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (2.80, 2.70, 2.65) with short lower wicks.

What this pattern is taken to mean

Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the previous body and closing lower, with little lower wick.

What followed on this name's own record

After 11 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 5 times of 11 (46%). Median move in the hit's direction -0.00%; best +29.79%, worst -40.50%. Within the window the move typically reached +6.78% in the hit's favour and -1.89% against it. On this name that is a coin toss.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · wick_pct = 30

Take three consecutive candles, all closing below their opens.
Each close below the previous close.
Each open inside the previous candle's body.
Each lower wick no more than wick_pct of its body.

The last 11 hits on this name

Wed 23 Apr 2025 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (2.80, 2.70, 2.65) with short lower wicks.
Fri 28 Mar 2025 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (2.19, 2.11, 2.00) with short lower wicks.
Thu 16 Mar 2023 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (2.50, 2.40, 2.35) with short lower wicks.
Fri 24 Feb 2023 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (2.70, 2.65, 2.60) with short lower wicks.
Thu 23 Feb 2023 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (2.80, 2.70, 2.65) with short lower wicks.
Wed 22 Feb 2023 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (2.90, 2.80, 2.70) with short lower wicks.
Mon 06 Feb 2023 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (3.10, 3.00, 2.95) with short lower wicks.
Fri 03 Feb 2023 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (3.15, 3.10, 3.00) with short lower wicks.
Wed 25 Jan 2023 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (3.70, 3.55, 3.40) with short lower wicks.
Fri 23 Dec 2022 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (4.00, 3.85, 3.70) with short lower wicks.
Thu 22 Dec 2022 down Three down candles in a row, each opening inside the last body and closing lower (4.10, 4.00, 3.85) with short lower wicks.

Quiet Shooting star · Single-candle shapes · reading down

9 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Thu 13 Nov 2025

The most recent hit of Shooting star on the daily candles completed at Thu 13 Nov 2025, 24 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -17.77% to 1.62.

What the candles did

Upper wick 0.05 is 5.0× the body, the lower wick is 14% of the range, after +1.54% over the 5 candles before; high 2.03, close 1.97.

What this pattern is taken to mean

A long upper wick and a small body near the bottom, after a rise: the candle went well above and was pushed back down. Read as a high being rejected.

What followed on this name's own record

After 9 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 6 times of 9 (67%). Median move in the hit's direction +9.90%; best +18.22%, worst -24.53%. Within the window the move typically reached +11.22% in the hit's favour and -2.78% against it.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · wick_times = 2, other_wick_pct = 15, context = 5

Upper wick ≥ wick_times × body.
Lower wick ≤ other_wick_pct of the range.
Context: the net move over the `context` candles before is positive (set 0 to skip).
The wick's high is reported as the level rejected.

The last 9 hits on this name

Thu 13 Nov 2025 down Upper wick 0.05 is 5.0× the body, the lower wick is 14% of the range, after +1.54% over the 5 candles before; high 2.03, close 1.97.
Fri 07 Nov 2025 down Upper wick 0.02 is 2.0× the body, the lower wick is 0% of the range, after +8.94% over the 5 candles before; high 1.98, close 1.96.
Mon 22 Sep 2025 down Upper wick 0.05 is 2.5× the body, the lower wick is 0% of the range, after +2.53% over the 5 candles before; high 2.06, close 2.01.
Wed 12 Mar 2025 down Upper wick 0.18 is 6.0× the body, the lower wick is 0% of the range, after +5.02% over the 5 candles before; high 2.79, close 2.58.
Tue 10 Dec 2024 down Upper wick 0.25 is 8.3× the body, the lower wick is 0% of the range, after +15.41% over the 5 candles before; high 4.21, close 3.96.
Mon 01 Jan 2024 down Upper wick 0.15 is 3.0× the body, the lower wick is 0% of the range, after +3.85% over the 5 candles before; high 2.80, close 2.65.
Tue 26 Dec 2023 down Upper wick 0.15 is 3.0× the body, the lower wick is 0% of the range, after +12.00% over the 5 candles before; high 2.90, close 2.70.
Mon 03 Jul 2023 down Upper wick 0.10 is 2.0× the body, the lower wick is 0% of the range, after +11.43% over the 5 candles before; high 2.00, close 1.90.
Thu 08 Sep 2022 down Upper wick 0.15 is 3.0× the body, the lower wick is 0% of the range, after +6.38% over the 5 candles before; high 5.20, close 5.05.

Quiet Bullish engulfing · Multi-candle shapes · reading up

8 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Mon 24 Mar 2025

The most recent hit of Bullish engulfing on the daily candles completed at Mon 24 Mar 2025, 159 sessions ago, an up reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -26.36% to 1.62.

What the candles did

A down candle (2.20→2.10) followed by an up candle (2.00→2.20) whose body covers it, after -10.61% over the 5 candles before.

What this pattern is taken to mean

A down candle followed by an up candle whose body covers it, after a decline. Read as the decline being rejected in one candle.

What followed on this name's own record

After 8 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 3 times of 8 (38%). Median move in the hit's direction -2.63%; best +50.00%, worst -5.88%. Within the window the move typically reached +19.78% in the hit's favour and -5.77% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · context = 5

Take two consecutive candles.
First closes below its open; second closes above its open.
Second's open ≤ first's close and second's close ≥ first's open (its body covers the first's body).
Context: the net move over the `context` candles before the pair is negative (set 0 to skip).

The last 8 hits on this name

Mon 24 Mar 2025 up A down candle (2.20→2.10) followed by an up candle (2.00→2.20) whose body covers it, after -10.61% over the 5 candles before.
Fri 27 Dec 2024 up A down candle (3.25→3.23) followed by an up candle (3.21→3.39) whose body covers it, after -11.80% over the 5 candles before.
Tue 01 Oct 2024 up A down candle (3.40→3.38) followed by an up candle (3.38→3.54) whose body covers it, after -18.72% over the 5 candles before.
Fri 16 Aug 2024 up A down candle (3.32→3.31) followed by an up candle (3.14→3.46) whose body covers it, after -12.75% over the 5 candles before.
Mon 29 Jan 2024 up A down candle (2.60→2.50) followed by an up candle (2.40→2.60) whose body covers it, after -7.14% over the 5 candles before.
Mon 03 Apr 2023 up A down candle (1.70→1.65) followed by an up candle (1.65→1.70) whose body covers it, after -15.00% over the 5 candles before.
Mon 27 Feb 2023 up A down candle (2.65→2.60) followed by an up candle (2.60→2.65) whose body covers it, after -11.67% over the 5 candles before.
Tue 18 Oct 2022 up A down candle (4.20→4.15) followed by an up candle (4.10→4.20) whose body covers it, after -2.30% over the 5 candles before.

Quiet Bollinger squeeze, then a break · Indicator-based · reading down

6 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Mon 29 Sep 2025

The most recent hit of Bollinger squeeze, then a break on the daily candles completed at Mon 29 Sep 2025, 54 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -15.18% to 1.62.

What the candles did

Closed at 1.91, below the lower band (1.94) after the bands had narrowed to their tightest in 60 candles.

What this pattern is taken to mean

The bands had narrowed to their tightest in a while, then the close left them. Read as a quiet stretch ending.

What followed on this name's own record

After 6 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's own way (up after an up reading, down after a down one) 1 times of 6 (17%). Median move in the hit's direction -1.28%; best +0.52%, worst -16.04%. Within the window the move typically reached +3.81% in the hit's favour and -5.60% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · n = 20, k = 2, squeeze = 60

Compute Bollinger bands: SMA(n) ± k × standard deviation of the last n closes; bandwidth = (upper − lower) / middle.
Squeeze: the smallest bandwidth in the last 6 candles is within 5% of the smallest over the last `squeeze` candles.
The pattern completes on a candle that closes above the upper band having been at or below it the candle before (up), or the mirror below the lower band (down), while squeezed.

The last 6 hits on this name

Mon 29 Sep 2025 down Closed at 1.91, below the lower band (1.94) after the bands had narrowed to their tightest in 60 candles.
Fri 29 Aug 2025 down Closed at 1.95, below the lower band (1.97) after the bands had narrowed to their tightest in 60 candles.
Mon 21 Jul 2025 up Closed at 2.68, above the upper band (2.65) after the bands had narrowed to their tightest in 60 candles.
Tue 06 Dec 2022 up Closed at 4.10, above the upper band (4.07) after the bands had narrowed to their tightest in 60 candles.
Tue 22 Nov 2022 down Closed at 3.85, below the lower band (3.85) after the bands had narrowed to their tightest in 60 candles.
Thu 17 Nov 2022 down Closed at 3.90, below the lower band (3.91) after the bands had narrowed to their tightest in 60 candles.

Quiet Bearish engulfing · Multi-candle shapes · reading down

5 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Fri 12 Sep 2025

The most recent hit of Bearish engulfing on the daily candles completed at Fri 12 Sep 2025, 65 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -19.00% to 1.62.

What the candles did

An up candle (2.03→2.04) followed by a down candle (2.04→2.00) whose body covers it, after +3.57% over the 5 candles before.

What this pattern is taken to mean

An up candle followed by a down candle whose body covers it, after a rise.

What followed on this name's own record

After 5 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 4 times of 5 (80%). Median move in the hit's direction +9.09%; best +30.77%, worst -0.00%. Within the window the move typically reached +10.10% in the hit's favour and -2.02% against it.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · context = 5

Take two consecutive candles.
First closes above its open; second closes below its open.
Second's open ≥ first's close and second's close ≤ first's open.
Context: the net move over the `context` candles before the pair is positive (set 0 to skip).

The last 5 hits on this name

Fri 12 Sep 2025 down An up candle (2.03→2.04) followed by a down candle (2.04→2.00) whose body covers it, after +3.57% over the 5 candles before.
Tue 09 Sep 2025 down An up candle (2.04→2.06) followed by a down candle (2.06→2.01) whose body covers it, after +2.56% over the 5 candles before.
Mon 13 Mar 2023 down An up candle (2.60→2.65) followed by a down candle (2.70→2.60) whose body covers it, after +3.92% over the 5 candles before.
Mon 23 Jan 2023 down An up candle (3.80→3.90) followed by a down candle (3.95→3.70) whose body covers it, after +2.67% over the 5 candles before.
Fri 09 Sep 2022 down An up candle (5.00→5.05) followed by a down candle (5.10→4.95) whose body covers it, after +6.38% over the 5 candles before.

Quiet Evening star · Multi-candle shapes · reading down

5 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Fri 24 Oct 2025

The most recent hit of Evening star on the daily candles completed at Fri 24 Oct 2025, 37 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -6.90% to 1.62.

What the candles did

A long up candle (1.74→1.81), a small-bodied candle, then a down candle closing at 1.74, below the first candle's midpoint 1.77.

What this pattern is taken to mean

A long up candle, a small-bodied candle, then a down candle closing below the midpoint of the first.

What followed on this name's own record

After 5 earlier hits on this name's daily candles, the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 1 times of 5 (20%). Median move in the hit's direction -12.64%; best +18.23%, worst -38.46%. Within the window the move typically reached +4.86% in the hit's favour and -17.24% against it. On this name it has more often gone the other way.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · small_pct = 30

Take three consecutive candles.
First: an up candle with a body at least the average body of the ten candles before it.
Second: a body no bigger than small_pct of the first's body.
Third: a down candle closing below the midpoint of the first candle's body.

The last 5 hits on this name

Fri 24 Oct 2025 down A long up candle (1.74→1.81), a small-bodied candle, then a down candle closing at 1.74, below the first candle's midpoint 1.77.
Wed 11 Dec 2024 down A long up candle (4.01→4.12), a small-bodied candle, then a down candle closing at 3.95, below the first candle's midpoint 4.06.
Fri 04 Oct 2024 down A long up candle (3.38→3.54), a small-bodied candle, then a down candle closing at 3.29, below the first candle's midpoint 3.46.
Mon 15 Jan 2024 down A long up candle (2.60→2.65), a small-bodied candle, then a down candle closing at 2.60, below the first candle's midpoint 2.62.
Fri 02 Dec 2022 down A long up candle (3.85→3.90), a small-bodied candle, then a down candle closing at 3.85, below the first candle's midpoint 3.88.

Quiet Impulse wave (five swings, Elliott-style) · Trend and waves · reading down

4 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Wed 20 Aug 2025

The most recent hit of Impulse wave (five swings, Elliott-style) on the daily candles completed at Wed 20 Aug 2025, 81 sessions ago, a down reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -23.22% to 1.62.

What the candles did

Five swings down: 1 2.43→2.26, 2 back to 2.36 (below where 1 began), 3 to 2.05, 4 back to 2.23 (below the bottom of 1), 5 to 2.01; wave 3 is not the shortest.

Where it stands on the latest candle

One swing down under way from 1.80; nothing to count as an impulse yet.

What this pattern is taken to mean

Five alternating swings that obey the three classical impulse rules. A count, not a prophecy: the same swings can be counted more than one way, and this is the plain mechanical reading.

What followed on this name's own record

Only 4 earlier hits on this name's daily candles with 10 sessions after them — too few to say what usually follows. For what it is worth: the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 3 of 4 times, median move -8.64%.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · swing_pct = 4

Find swings with the zigzag at swing_pct.
Take six consecutive confirmed pivots L-H-L-H-L-H (up) or H-L-H-L-H-L (down).
Rule 1: wave 2 does not retrace past the start of wave 1.
Rule 2: wave 3 is not the shortest of waves 1, 3 and 5.
Rule 3: wave 4 does not enter the price territory of wave 1.
Each wave must make progress: 3 beyond 1, 5 beyond 3.
The pattern completes when the sixth pivot is confirmed. Progress reports 'wave 5 under way' when the first five pivots hold and the live swing is the fifth wave.

The last 4 hits on this name

Wed 20 Aug 2025 down Five swings down: 1 2.43→2.26, 2 back to 2.36 (below where 1 began), 3 to 2.05, 4 back to 2.23 (below the bottom of 1), 5 to 2.01; wave 3 is not the shortest.
Tue 25 Mar 2025 down Five swings down: 1 4.29→2.52, 2 back to 2.98 (below where 1 began), 3 to 2.09, 4 back to 2.24 (below the bottom of 1), 5 to 2.00; wave 3 is not the shortest.
Wed 05 Apr 2023 down Five swings down: 1 3.10→2.50, 2 back to 2.70 (below where 1 began), 3 to 1.90, 4 back to 2.05 (below the bottom of 1), 5 to 1.60; wave 3 is not the shortest.
Thu 09 Feb 2023 down Five swings down: 1 4.05→3.65, 2 back to 3.95 (below where 1 began), 3 to 2.95, 4 back to 3.30 (below the bottom of 1), 5 to 2.80; wave 3 is not the shortest.

Quiet Morning star · Multi-candle shapes · reading up

2 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Last seen Thu 19 Jan 2023

The most recent hit of Morning star on the daily candles completed at Thu 19 Jan 2023, 414 sessions ago, an up reading. It is not in progress now. Since then the close has moved -57.92% to 1.62.

What the candles did

A long down candle (3.75→3.70), a small-bodied candle, then an up candle closing at 3.85, above the first candle's midpoint 3.73.

What this pattern is taken to mean

A long down candle, a small-bodied candle, then an up candle closing above the midpoint of the first. Read as a decline stalling and turning.

What followed on this name's own record

Only 2 earlier hits on this name's daily candles with 10 sessions after them — too few to say what usually follows. For what it is worth: the close 10 sessions later went the hit's way 0 of 2 times, median move -13.82%.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · small_pct = 30

Take three consecutive candles.
First: a down candle with a body at least the average body of the ten candles before it.
Second: a body no bigger than small_pct of the first's body.
Third: an up candle closing above the midpoint of the first candle's body.

The last 2 hits on this name

Thu 19 Jan 2023 up A long down candle (3.75→3.70), a small-bodied candle, then an up candle closing at 3.85, above the first candle's midpoint 3.73.
Wed 28 Sep 2022 up A long down candle (4.55→4.30), a small-bodied candle, then an up candle closing at 4.50, above the first candle's midpoint 4.42.

Quiet Cross of a level you set · Runs, breaks and structure · reading up or down

0 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Not seen on the daily candles on file

Cross of a level you set did not complete anywhere in the 520 daily candles stored for this name (from Fri 19 Aug 2022 to Wed 17 Dec 2025).

What this pattern is taken to mean

The close went through a price you chose. Read however you meant the level.

What followed on this name's own record

No earlier hit on this name's daily candles has a full 10 sessions after it yet, so there is nothing to count.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · level = 0

Take the level you entered.
The pattern completes on a candle whose close is at or above the level while the previous close was below it (up), or at or below it while the previous close was above (down).
Nothing is reported until a level is set.

Quiet Three white soldiers · Multi-candle shapes · reading up

0 hits in 520 candles · test this one alone Sign in to be alerted

Not seen on the daily candles on file

Three white soldiers did not complete anywhere in the 520 daily candles stored for this name (from Fri 19 Aug 2022 to Wed 17 Dec 2025).

What this pattern is taken to mean

Three up candles in a row, each opening inside the previous body and closing higher, with little upper wick.

What followed on this name's own record

No earlier hit on this name's daily candles has a full 10 sessions after it yet, so there is nothing to count.

An observation from stored candles, not advice. Nothing here is a forecast; the decision, and the risk, are yours.

The rule, exactly as checked · wick_pct = 30

Take three consecutive candles, all closing above their opens.
Each close above the previous close.
Each open inside the previous candle's body.
Each upper wick no more than wick_pct of its body.

The library, rule by rule

What each pattern checks, in the order the code checks it, with the parameters and their defaults for daily candles. The "meaning" is the convention the pattern is named for, stated as a convention; whether it held on a given name is what the test above measures.

Runs, breaks and structure

Rules on closes, highs and lows alone. Plain to state, plain to check.

N consecutive rising candles · reading up · any candleA momentum run: every close above the one before it for N candles. The owner's first example. Conventionally read as buyers in control for as long as it lasts.

Walk the candles in order.
Count a streak: +1 when this close is above the previous close, back to 0 otherwise.
The pattern completes on the candle where the streak first reaches N.
Report the move from the close before the run to the close that completed it.
Progress: how long the current streak is against N, and whether the last close is still rising.

n = 5: Consecutive rising closes (N) — The owner's momentum-run example uses 20.

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N consecutive falling candles · reading down · any candleThe mirror: every close below the one before it for N candles. Read as sellers in control while it lasts.

Walk the candles in order.
Count a streak: +1 when this close is below the previous close, back to 0 otherwise.
The pattern completes on the candle where the streak first reaches N.
Report the move from the close before the run to the close that completed it.
Progress: the current streak against N.

n = 5: Consecutive falling closes (N)

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Higher highs and higher lows · reading up · any candleUptrend structure: each swing high above the last and each swing low above the last. Read as a trend that is still being confirmed by its pullbacks.

Find swing highs and lows with the zigzag: a pivot is confirmed once price has moved swing_pct against it.
Take every window of 2×swings+1 consecutive confirmed pivots.
Require each swing high in the window above the previous swing high, and each swing low above the previous swing low.
The pattern completes on the candle where the last pivot in the window was confirmed.
The last swing low is reported as the level the structure stands on.

swings = 2: Higher highs / higher lows required
swing_pct = 3: Minimum swing size, % — Smaller on intraday candles.

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Lower highs and lower lows · reading down · any candleDowntrend structure: each swing high below the last and each swing low below the last.

Find swing highs and lows with the zigzag (pivot confirmed after a swing_pct move against it).
Take every window of 2×swings+1 consecutive confirmed pivots.
Require each swing high below the previous swing high, and each swing low below the previous swing low.
The pattern completes on the candle where the last pivot was confirmed.
The last swing high is reported as the level the structure hangs from.

swings = 2: Lower highs / lower lows required
swing_pct = 3: Minimum swing size, %

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Gap at the open · reading up or down · any candleThe session opened at least X% away from the previous close. Read as news or flow arriving overnight.

At the first candle of each session, compare its open with the last close of the previous session.
Gap % = open / previous close − 1.
The pattern completes when |gap %| ≥ pct; direction is the gap's sign.
On daily candles this is simply open vs the previous day's close.

pct = 1: Minimum gap, %

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Move of X% within M candles · reading up or down · any candleA fast move: the close is at least X% away from where it was M candles ago. Read as a burst of one-sided flow.

For each candle, take the close M candles earlier.
Move % = close now / close then − 1.
The pattern completes when |move %| ≥ pct; direction is the sign.
Consecutive candles that all qualify in the same direction count once, at the first of them.

pct = 2: Minimum move, %
candles = 3: Within this many candles (M)

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Cross of a level you set · reading up or down · any candleThe close went through a price you chose. Read however you meant the level.

Take the level you entered.
The pattern completes on a candle whose close is at or above the level while the previous close was below it (up), or at or below it while the previous close was above (down).
Nothing is reported until a level is set.

level = 0: Your level, ₹ — Required — leave at 0 and this pattern reports nothing.

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Inside bar, then a breakout · reading up or down · any candleA candle whose whole range sat inside the one before it (a pause), then a close outside the mother candle's range. Read as a pause resolving.

Take three consecutive candles: mother, inside, break.
Inside: its high ≤ mother high and its low ≥ mother low.
The pattern completes when the third candle closes above the mother high (up) or below the mother low (down).

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Indicator-based

Rules on a derived line: moving averages, VWAP, volume, RSI, Bollinger bands.

Moving-average cross · reading up or down · any candleThe faster simple average crossed the slower one. Read as the near-term average price overtaking (or falling behind) the longer one.

Compute SMA(fast) and SMA(slow) of the closes.
The pattern completes on a candle where fast was ≤ slow on the previous candle and is > slow now (up), or ≥ before and < now (down).
fast must be smaller than slow, else nothing is reported.

fast = 9: Fast average, candles
slow = 21: Slow average, candles

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Volume spike · reading up or down · any candleOne candle traded many times the recent average volume. Read as attention arriving; the candle's colour says which way it leaned.

Average the volume of the previous M candles (those that reported one).
The pattern completes when this candle's volume ≥ times × that average.
Direction is the candle's own: up if it closed above its open, down if below, neutral if flat.

times = 3: Multiple of the average
candles = 20: Average over this many candles (M)

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RSI into overbought / oversold · reading up or down · any candleWilder's RSI crossed into the overbought zone (reported as a 'down' observation: stretched) or the oversold zone ('up': washed out).

Compute RSI(n) from the closes (Wilder smoothing).
The pattern completes when RSI moves from below `high` to at or above it (overbought → down), or from above `low` to at or below it (oversold → up).
Only the crossing candle is a hit, not every candle spent inside the zone.

n = 14: RSI length
high = 70: Overbought above
low = 30: Oversold below

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Bollinger squeeze, then a break · reading up or down · any candleThe bands had narrowed to their tightest in a while, then the close left them. Read as a quiet stretch ending.

Compute Bollinger bands: SMA(n) ± k × standard deviation of the last n closes; bandwidth = (upper − lower) / middle.
Squeeze: the smallest bandwidth in the last 6 candles is within 5% of the smallest over the last `squeeze` candles.
The pattern completes on a candle that closes above the upper band having been at or below it the candle before (up), or the mirror below the lower band (down), while squeezed.

n = 20: Band length
k = 2: Standard deviations
squeeze = 60: Tightest in this many candles

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Trend and waves

The fitted trend line and the swing count. A wave count is a reading of the swings, not a prophecy.

Trend line: slope, length, strength · reading up or down · any candleThe straight-line fit through the last N closes: how steep, how long, how clean. This is the slope/length/strength reading (R6) and a version of the 20-candle rule that fires on a clean run even when one close in the middle dipped.

Fit a least-squares line through the last N closes (x = candle index).
Slope % = slope / mean close × 100, per candle. R² = share of the variance the line explains (1 = a ruler, 0 = chop).
Length = candles since the window's low (for a rising line) or high (falling). Magnitude = % from that extreme to the last close.
Continuing = the last close is on the slope's side of the fitted line, or the last three closes all moved with the slope.
The pattern completes when |slope %| ≥ min_slope_pct and R² ≥ min_r2; consecutive qualifying candles count once, at the first.
Progress always reports the current slope, R², length, magnitude and whether it is continuing.

n = 20: Candles in the fit (N)
min_slope_pct = 0.25: Minimum slope, % per candle
min_r2 = 0.8: Minimum R²

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Impulse wave (five swings, Elliott-style) · reading up or down · any candleFive alternating swings that obey the three classical impulse rules. A count, not a prophecy: the same swings can be counted more than one way, and this is the plain mechanical reading.

Find swings with the zigzag at swing_pct.
Take six consecutive confirmed pivots L-H-L-H-L-H (up) or H-L-H-L-H-L (down).
Rule 1: wave 2 does not retrace past the start of wave 1.
Rule 2: wave 3 is not the shortest of waves 1, 3 and 5.
Rule 3: wave 4 does not enter the price territory of wave 1.
Each wave must make progress: 3 beyond 1, 5 beyond 3.
The pattern completes when the sixth pivot is confirmed. Progress reports 'wave 5 under way' when the first five pivots hold and the live swing is the fifth wave.

swing_pct = 4: Minimum swing size, %

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Multi-candle shapes

Two- and three-candle shapes from the classical catalogue.

Bullish engulfing · reading up · any candleA down candle followed by an up candle whose body covers it, after a decline. Read as the decline being rejected in one candle.

Take two consecutive candles.
First closes below its open; second closes above its open.
Second's open ≤ first's close and second's close ≥ first's open (its body covers the first's body).
Context: the net move over the `context` candles before the pair is negative (set 0 to skip).

context = 5: Decline measured over this many candles before

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Bearish engulfing · reading down · any candleAn up candle followed by a down candle whose body covers it, after a rise.

Take two consecutive candles.
First closes above its open; second closes below its open.
Second's open ≥ first's close and second's close ≤ first's open.
Context: the net move over the `context` candles before the pair is positive (set 0 to skip).

context = 5: Rise measured over this many candles before

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Morning star · reading up · any candleA long down candle, a small-bodied candle, then an up candle closing above the midpoint of the first. Read as a decline stalling and turning.

Take three consecutive candles.
First: a down candle with a body at least the average body of the ten candles before it.
Second: a body no bigger than small_pct of the first's body.
Third: an up candle closing above the midpoint of the first candle's body.

small_pct = 30: Middle candle body, % of the first's

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Evening star · reading down · any candleA long up candle, a small-bodied candle, then a down candle closing below the midpoint of the first.

Take three consecutive candles.
First: an up candle with a body at least the average body of the ten candles before it.
Second: a body no bigger than small_pct of the first's body.
Third: a down candle closing below the midpoint of the first candle's body.

small_pct = 30: Middle candle body, % of the first's

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Three white soldiers · reading up · any candleThree up candles in a row, each opening inside the previous body and closing higher, with little upper wick.

Take three consecutive candles, all closing above their opens.
Each close above the previous close.
Each open inside the previous candle's body.
Each upper wick no more than wick_pct of its body.

wick_pct = 30: Maximum upper wick, % of body

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Three black crows · reading down · any candleThree down candles in a row, each opening inside the previous body and closing lower, with little lower wick.

Take three consecutive candles, all closing below their opens.
Each close below the previous close.
Each open inside the previous candle's body.
Each lower wick no more than wick_pct of its body.

wick_pct = 30: Maximum lower wick, % of body

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Single-candle shapes

One candle's body and wicks. Weak on their own; shown with what followed on this name.

Doji · reading neutral · any candleOpen and close almost equal: the candle ranged but ended where it began. Read as indecision.

Body = |close − open|; range = high − low.
The pattern completes when range > 0 and body ≤ body_pct of the range.

body_pct = 10: Body no more than this % of the range

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Hammer · reading up · any candleA long lower wick and a small body near the top, after a decline: the candle went well below and was pulled back up. Read as a low being rejected.

Lower wick ≥ wick_times × body.
Upper wick ≤ other_wick_pct of the range.
Context: the net move over the `context` candles before is negative (set 0 to skip).
The wick's low is reported as the level rejected.

wick_times = 2: Lower wick at least this many × body
other_wick_pct = 15: Upper wick at most this % of range
context = 5: Decline measured over this many candles before

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Shooting star · reading down · any candleA long upper wick and a small body near the bottom, after a rise: the candle went well above and was pushed back down. Read as a high being rejected.

Upper wick ≥ wick_times × body.
Lower wick ≤ other_wick_pct of the range.
Context: the net move over the `context` candles before is positive (set 0 to skip).
The wick's high is reported as the level rejected.

wick_times = 2: Upper wick at least this many × body
other_wick_pct = 15: Lower wick at most this % of range
context = 5: Rise measured over this many candles before

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Marubozu · reading up or down · any candleAlmost no wicks: the candle opened at one end of its range and closed at the other. Read as one side in control for the whole candle.

Body = |close − open|; range = high − low.
The pattern completes when range > 0 and body ≥ body_pct of the range.
Direction is the candle's colour.

body_pct = 90: Body at least this % of the range

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Indicator definitions: SMA(n) is the mean of the last n closes. RSI(n) is Wilder's — average gain over average loss, smoothed by (previous × (n−1) + now) / n. ATR(n) is the Wilder-smoothed mean of the true range. Bollinger bands are SMA(n) ± k standard deviations of the same n closes. VWAP is Σ(typical price × volume) / Σ volume within the session, typical price = (high + low + close) / 3. The trend line is ordinary least squares on close against candle index. Swings come from a zigzag that confirms a pivot once price has moved the swing size against it.